Pain during or after injection Some discomfort is normal, but injection should not be significantly painful
19,96 Restoration of SIRT1 activity suppresses lipid synthesis, improves oxidation capacity, and reestablishes lipid clearance, supporting therapeutic strategies aimed at metabolic reprogramming in MASLD
The single published case series showing symptomatic improvement following intra-articular BPC-157 injection for knee pain provides preliminary support for this indication, though the small sample size, retrospective design, and lack of imaging or biomarker assessment limit conclusions
In some cases, they have even been associated with adverse effects, such as the increased risk of prostate cancer linked to vitamin E supplementation (Klein et al., 2011) (for more details, see Table 1)