Therefore, in addition to L-carnitine for mitochondrial fatty acid transport, ALCAR provides acetyl-CoA that can be used for brain lipid synthesis, be oxidized in the citric acid cycle for energy production, or be incorporated into neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine [3639].* ALCAR has shown several benefits for brain health: it supported brain energy metabolism, brain mitochondrial function, neuronal membrane lipid/phospholipid metabolism, synaptic plasticity, and neuroprotective functions [4056]
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Unexpected role of interferon-gamma in regulating neuronal connectivity and social behavior
The phagophore, and hence autophagosome formation requires the generation of an initiation complex named Unc51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) complex composed of ULK1, Atg13, FIP200, and Atg101 (Yang et al., 2015