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Abstract Postprandial hypoglycemia (PPH) is a challenging and significant complication that can occur following bariatric and metabolic surgery
If you must inject post-meal, wait a minimum of two hours and prioritize protein-dominant meals
Medical weight loss is a scientifically guided approach to weight management that is customized to your individual body, health profile, and goals
Abbreviations ASCVD: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease BMI: Body mass index CCI: Charlsons Comorbidity Index CGRD: Chang Gung Research Database CI: Confidence interval CKD: Chronic kidney disease DKA: Diabetic ketoacidosis DKD: Diabetic kidney disease DM: Diabetes mellitus DPP-4is: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors DSCP: Diabetic Shared Care Program eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate EMR: Electronic medical record ESKD: End-stage kidney disease GLP-1RAs: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin HHS: Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state HR: Hazard ratio ICAM-1: Intercellular adhesion molecules 1 MACEs: Major adverse cardiovascular events MDRD: Modification of diet in renal disease MI: Myocardial infarction NHE3: Sodiumhydrogen exchanger 3 SGLT2is: Sodiumglucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors SHR: Subdistribution hazard ratio STD: Standardized difference TNF: Tumor necrosis factor alpha UACR: Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio VCAM-1: Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 References Almourani R, Chinnakotla B, Patel R, et al
