Concerns exist about GLP-1 receptor agonists causing substantial weight loss and increasing the risk of ketoacidosis or hypoglycemia, Hui Shao , M D, PhD , associate professor in the Hubert department of global health and Emory Global Diabetes Research Center at Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, and colleagues wrote
They are found on T cells, the adaptive immune system warriors that drive autoimmune tissue destruction when they malfunction
How injectable/oral GLP-1 medications work: Mimic the GLP-1 hormone with engineered modifications for extended duration Bind to GLP-1 receptors to enhance insulin release and reduce glucagon Slow gastric emptying by 20-50%, promoting satiety Supported by large randomized controlled trialsthe STEP trials showed 14.9% mean weight loss at 68 weeks versus 2.4% for placebo The short answer on why patches cant deliver these drugs: GLP-1 molecules are relatively large peptide chains (molecular weight 3-5 kDa) that cannot effectively penetrate the skin barrier through passive transdermal diffusion
Tosatto SC, Bosello V, Fogolari F, Mauri P, Roveri A, Toppo S et al