Transient increases in maternal cytokines, including IL-6 and IL-17, can cross the placental barrier, leading to immune stress in the fetal brain and affecting the development and function of microglia and astrocytes (Smith et al., 2007
Among US adults, prescriptions for GLP-1 medications such as semaglutide (Wegovy, Ozempic) and tirzepatide (Zepbound) rose substantiallyfrom about 1,900 to 9,000 prescriptions per 100,000 patientsbetween the second quarter of 2021 and the first quarter of 2026
In fact there was an average 14.9 % loss of body weight after 68 weeks for the subjects involved in the Norvo Nordisk studies submitted to the FDA for Wegovy approval June 2021
In addition, metformin has been shown to lower LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels, which are often elevated in people with obesity, positively contributing to overall cardiovascular health