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20 Possible mechanisms are: natriuresis, due to increased atrial natriuretic peptide secretion, GLP-1R activation in the proximal nephron tubule and Na + /H + transporter inhibition (which reduces sodium reabsorption), as well as vasodilation due to nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation (endothelial GLP-1R activation) and direct effects on smooth muscle cells GLP-1R

GLP-1 Receptor Research

Although GIP and its experimental analogs seem to have a glucagon-elevating effect, its end-action on metabolic parameters, especially when GLP-1 is present, is neutral or tilted towards benefit

Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 46:459465 Gray GM (1970) Carbohydrate digestion and absorption