Additionally, glutamine contributes to the intermediary metabolism [19] in the synthesis of amino sugars and proteins [20,21,22], promotes insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, and is the precursor of key molecules such as the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, the inhibitory neurotransmitter -aminobutyrate (GABA), and the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) [1, 23, 24], considered a powerful marker of the cellular redox potential [25, 26]
10.1007/s11033-014-3832-z[Epub ahead of print]
Overcoming current research limitations, future studies are braced to untangle the precise pathways governing the bidirectional exchange of information at the gut-brain axis
GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide or Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine-Copper) is a peptide hormone naturally made in our bodies