Mechanisms regulating skin pigmentation: The rise and fall of complexion coloration
Over the past several decades, the efficacy of GHK and GHK-Cu in promoting tissue remodelling, exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties, and demonstrating antioxidant effects has been robustly validated across diverse tissues, encompassing the skin (Pickart et al., 2015), airways (Zhang et al., 2023), bones (Klontzas et al., 2019), skeletal muscles (Deng et al., 2023), stomach (Alberghina et al., 1992), and lungs (Zhang et al., 2022)
The orobuccal and sublingual routes have been explored to overcome oral glutathiones absorption and bioavailability challenges: Orobuccal formulations: Glutathione is absorbed directly in the oral cavity, which generates much quicker absorption and considerably higher bioavailability
It is worth noting that this same study found these activities are unchanged when senescence is controlled by the synthetic cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine