For facial anti-aging research, the spray can be applied morning and evening as part of a skincare protocol
Yet, in a recent trial in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), oral administration of sulforaphane for four weeks failed to induce the expression of Nrf2, NQO-1, and HO-1 in alveolar macrophages, bronchial epithelial cells, or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (17)
(9) A Nakamura, T Sugao, K Yamaue, M Kobatake, et al (1989) Involvement of spinal noradrenergic system in the mechanism of an antinociceptive effect of delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) Brain Research, 1989 Feb 20, Volume 480 (Issues 1-2), Pages 82-6
Many were confused about their dose for weeks before realizing that comparing units without concentration is meaningless