MOTS-c prevents diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance by improving glucose utilization and maintaining adipose homeostasis [5]
Wang, T., Arifoglu, P., Ronai, Z
3.1.1 Indoxyl sulfate (IS) Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is classified as a protein-bound uremic toxin, with its biosynthesis originating from tryptophan metabolism: gut microbiota first convert tryptophan into indole, which is then transported to the liver for oxidation and sulfation to form IS (Meyer and Hostetter, 2012)
The researchers also tested fish oil supplements, but while the fish oil failed, the curcumin reduced the blood sugar spike after a meal, which is something both GLP-1 and GLP-1 drugs can do, though GLP-1 levels werent directly measured