The terms that dominate the category are recognisable: restorative sleep and deep restorative sleep, sleep quality, sleep efficiency, sleep regulation and sleep architecture, deep sleep, slow-wave sleep and delta wave sleep, REM sleep, sleep-wake cycles, circadian rhythm and circadian rhythm regulation
no clinical trials validate the combination
Hydroxocobalamin, the form most commonly used in the UK, may cause: Injection site reactions (pain, redness, or swelling) Temporary reddish discolouration of urine Rarely, hypersensitivity reactions Very rarely, hypokalaemia in severely deficient patients when treatment is initiated (potassium levels should be monitored in severe deficiency) B12 injections are considered very safe, with no upper tolerable limit established, as excess B12 is excreted in urine
In reduced growth hormone levels, neurological and psychiatric symptoms such as memory loss, decreased concentration, or anxiety may occur