Inadequate secretion of intrinsic factor, resulting from lesions that destroy the gastric mucosa (which can be caused by ingestion of corrosives, extensive tumors, and conditions associated with gastric atrophy, such as multiple sclerosis, certain endocrine disorders, iron deficiency, and subtotal gastrectomy) Structural lesions leading to vitamin B 12 deficiency, including regional ileitis, ileal reactions, and malignancies Competition for vitamin B 12 by intestinal parasites or bacteria
Approach Extended cycle Duration 6-8 weeks Review Point Week 6 Typical Context Less common
It also contributes to blood pressure and autonomic cardiovascular regulation, enhancement of immune function, and reduction of inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract
The E9 cells were seeded on coverslips at a 20,000 cells/cm 2 density and allowed to attach for 24 h, followed by group-specific treatment for 6 h